Currently Known Human Neurological ConditionsĪ B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P R S T V W X ZĪbsence of the Septum Pellucidum The septum pellucidum (SP) is a thin membrane located at the mid-line of the brain. The cerebrum or cortex is the largest part of the human brain, associated with higher brain function such as thought and action. Social Security approves disability benefits for serious cases of epilepsy, cerebral palsy, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, ALS, and other nerve-based diseases.ĭiagram of the human brain showing the four lobes - frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, and temporal lobe - of the cerebral cortex. These diseases and disorders inflict great pain and suffering on millions of patients and their families, and cost the U.S. Even a small disturbance to a neuron's structural pathway can result in dysfunction.Īccording to the University of California, San Francisco, there are more than 600 neurological disorders that strike millions each year. Neurological disorders can affect an entire neurological pathway or a single neuron. The broadest division is between central nervous system disorders and peripheral nervous system disorders.
Neurological disorders can be categorized according to the primary location affected, the primary type of dysfunction involved, or the primary type of cause. Conditions that are classed as mental disorders, or learning disabilities and forms of Intellectual disability, are not themselves usually dealt with as neurological disorders. Neurology is the medical science that deals with the nervous system and disorders that affect it. These three parts of the body work together and are referred to as the central nervous system that control everything in the body. Neurological disorders affect the brain as well as the nerves found throughout the human body and the spinal cord. Mental disorders, on the other hand, are "psychiatric illnesses" or diseases which appear primarily as abnormalities of thought, feeling or behavior, producing either distress or impairment of function.
They may be assessed by neurological examination, and studied and treated within the specialties of neurology and clinical neuropsychology. There are many recognized neurological disorders, some relatively common, but many rare.
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